The study of the incipit and the closure in All those things we never said by Marc Levy

Document Type : پژوهش های زبان و ترجمه فرانسه

Authors

• mitra moradi ¹
• ali abbasi ²

¹ Department of French Language and Literature.Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences,Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

² Department of French Language and Literature.Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran. Iran

10.22067/rltf.2023.81373.1076

Abstract

 The beginning section of the novel, incipit, is the basis of the text. Incipit is where the narrative voice appears in the imaginary world of the story. The relationship created between the reader and the text is discontinued in the final section of the text, thus, the closure has also strategic significance because it involves time-space where the reader is separated from the text. This study examines the incipit and the closure of the novel All Those Things We Never Said written by Marc Levy. The study tries to see what mechanisms the author used to process these two positions. The structure of this novel is like a cycle; that is why it is interesting to study how the story takes shape and how it comes to an end. The links between these two positions reveal secrets about the presence of the characters in the formation of the story. First, methodological issues and explanations on the notion of incipit and closure are presented, and then the text is analyzed. The results showed that the author, using techniques such as in medias res, brought the reader directly into the story, then used the technique of enigma of text to encourage the reader to continue reading. The similarities between the incipit and the closure show the author’s skill in using the language techniques dealing with the incipit and the closure. 

Keywords

• incipit
• closure
• strategic position
• Levy
• narrative voice

Main Subjects

• french literature

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