Comparative study of the qualifying adjective in Persian, French and Russian languages

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

• Nahid Djalili Marand ¹
• Nahideh Kalashi ²

¹ Department of French, Faculty of Literature, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

² Department of the Russian Language, Faculty of Literature, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.

10.22067/rltf.2024.86522.1102

Abstract

Various types of adjectives have a massive presence in all living languages playing their different functions in their grammar. This vital question sharpened our curiosity to conduct contrastive study in this area. Among these adjectives, we chose to study qualifying adjective in three languages: Persian, French and Russian. Given the linguistic and cultural differences among these languages, we aimed to uncover the similarities and differences in this grammatical concept in the three languages in question. That said, by adopting the descriptive and analytical methodology, we have examined this adjective in its various functions as well as in its rhetorical use without forgetting its presence in compound nouns, apposition, apostrophe, etc., a range of supporting examples. Once this grammatical notion was carefully examined during a trilingual study, we obtained the following results: the French qualifying adjective is characterized by its variability in gender and number. Its place before or after its name according to certain criteria is also of particular importance. The same goes for the Russian language. And this, whereas in Persian, this type of adjective remains invariable regarding gender and number, although the latter exists in the nominal apparatus of this language. As for its place in relation to its name, it constantly holds a fixed, postposed place, whatever the type of the name.

Keywords

• Qualifying adjective
• Grammar
• Persian
• French and Russian languages
• Gender
• Number

Main Subjects

• french language

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